Tanzanite is one of the most mesmerising gemstones in modern jewellery a stone that shifts between deep blue, violet, and flashes of burgundy depending on how the light touches it. Its beauty is undeniable, but what truly sets tanzanite apart is its rarity, its colour‑changing magic, and its remarkably young history in the world of gemstones.
Discovered only in 1967, tanzanite has risen from an accidental find in the hills of northern Tanzania to one of the most sought‑after coloured gemstones in contemporary jewellery. For collectors, designers, and romantics alike, tanzanite represents rarity, transformation, and the allure of the exotic.
A Gemstone Born in One Place on Earth
Unlike diamonds, rubies, or sapphires which are found in multiple countries tanzanite comes from a single, tiny mining area near the Merelani Hills at the base of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. The deposit is only about 7 km long and 2 km wide, making it one of the most geographically restricted gemstones in the world.
This exclusivity is a major reason why tanzanite is often described as “rarer than diamond”.
A Discovery Wrapped in Mystery and Fire
The most widely accepted story is that Maasai herdsmen noticed vivid blue crystals on the ground after a lightning‑sparked bushfire swept through the region in 1967. The heat transformed the brownish zoisite crystals into the blue‑violet stones we now know as tanzanite.
Tiffany & Co. quickly recognised its potential. Believing the scientific name “blue zoisite” was unappealing, they renamed it Tanzanite, honouring its country of origin, and launched it globally in 1968.
Why Tanzanite Captivates the Eye
1. Extraordinary Pleochroism
Tanzanite is trichroic, meaning it shows three different colours depending on the viewing angle:
• Blue
• Violet
• Burgundy
This optical magic is one of the reasons cutters carefully orient the stone to bring out the most desirable hues.
2. A Colour Range Like No Other
Fine tanzanite displays a deep, saturated violet‑blue or blue‑violet. Paler stones are more common, but larger gems (5 ct and above) show the richest colour saturation.
3. Heat‑Enhanced Beauty
In its natural state, tanzanite is often brownish. Gentle heat treatment removes this veil, revealing the vivid blues and violets beneath a universally accepted enhancement in the gem trade.
Symbolism & Meaning
Tanzanite is often associated with:
• Transformation
• Spiritual growth
• New beginnings
Its discovery story born from fire and found by chance reinforces its symbolism of rebirth and awakening.
It is also a December birthstone and the gemstone for a 24th wedding anniversary.
Is Tanzanite Durable for Jewellery?
With a hardness of 6–7, tanzanite is softer than sapphire or diamond, so it requires mindful wear. It is ideal for:
• Pendants
• Earrings
• Dress rings
For everyday rings, protective settings (bezels, halos, or low‑set claws) are recommended.
How to Care for Tanzanite
• Avoid ultrasonic and steam cleaners
• Clean gently with warm soapy water
• Store separately to prevent scratches
• Avoid sudden temperature changes
Why Tanzanite Is a Collector’s Dream
1. Limited Supply
Once the Merelani deposit is depleted, there is no second source. This finite supply adds long‑term value and desirability.
2. Unique Colour
No other gemstone replicates tanzanite’s exact blend of blue and violet.
3. Modern History
As one of the few major gemstone discoveries of the 20th century, tanzanite carries a sense of modern luxury and exclusivity.
References
• GIA – Gemological Institute of America: “What Is Tanzanite Gemstone”
• Wikipedia – Tanzanite
• GemSelect – Tanzanite Gemstone Information
